NAME_________________________________________

1302 FONER MAKEUP QUIZ

CH. 15

 

_____1. The Civil War was devastating to the South, which lost nearly one-fifth of its white

             adult male population.

_____2. Because of land redistribution, the vast majority of rural freedmen and freedwomen

            prospered during Reconstruction.

_____3. Compared to rebels in the rest of world history, the rebels of the defeated Confederacy

             were treated very harshly.

_____4. Lucy Stone favored the Fifteenth Amendment and established the American Woman

            Suffrage Association.

_____5. Investment opportunities in the West lured more northern investors than in the South,

            and economic development in the South remained weak.

_____6. The Ku Klux Klan was an organization of the lower classes of the South—those who

            felt left out of white society.

_____7. The Slaughterhouse Cases are an example of the Supreme Court whittling away at the

            freedoms gained by the blacks during Reconstruction.

CH. 16

 

_____8. By the turn of the century, most Americans still worked for themselves as

 

_____9. The spread of electricity was essential to industrial and urban growth.

 

_____10. Both Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller amassed huge fortunes through

            vertical integration.

_____11. Both Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller amassed huge fortunes through

            vertical integration.

_____12. Voter participation during the Gilded Age was never over 60 percent.

 

_____13. .Gilded Age reformers feared that with lower-class groups seeking to use government

            to advance their own interests, democracy was becoming a threat to individual liberty and

            to the rights of property.

_____14. Lochner v. New York voided a state law establishing ten hours per day, or sixty per

            week, as the maximum hours of work for bakers, claiming that it infringed on individual

            freedom.

_____15. The events of 1886 suggested that labor might be on the verge of establishing itself as

            a permanent political force.

 

CHAPTER 17

 

_____16.Populists made determined efforts to appeal to industrial workers and ultimately

             succeeded in getting labor’s support.

_____17. Some view L. Frank Baum’s book, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, as a commentary on

            the election of 1896 and its aftermath.

 

_____18. By the end of the nineteenth century, the Civil War had come to be remembered as a

             tragic family quarrel among white Americans, in which slavery had played a minor role.

_____19. Booker T. Washington urged blacks to try to combat segregation and become active in

            political affairs.

_____20. After 1870, European powers along with Japan scrambled to dominate Africa, Asia,

            and the Middle East, justifying their imperialism as bringing civilization to the

            supposedly backward peoples of the non-European world.

_____21. After the Spanish-American War, the United States fought a much longer and deadlier

             war against the Filipinos in order to subdue the island for annexation.

_____22. The notion of the “white man’s burden” inspired a sense of fraternity among Anglo-

            Saxon nations.

CHAPTER 18

 

_____23. The doors were locked at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company on the day of the fire

            because the manager tragically forgot to unlock them when he arrived in the morning.

_____24. Progressive-era immigration formed part of a larger process of worldwide migration

            set in motion by industrial expansion and the decline of traditional agriculture.

_____25. The ideal of economic abundance would eventually come to define the American way

            of life, in which personal fulfillment was to be found through acquiring material goods.

_____26. Socialism flourished in places such as Milwaukee and New York during the first two

            decades of the twentieth century.

_____27. Drawing on the reform programs of the Gilded Age and the example of European

            legislation, Progressives sought to reinvigorate the idea of an activist, socially conscious

            government.

_____28. The federal government created national parks on land that was uninhabited.

 

_____29. Once in office, Woodrow Wilson was a fierce trustbuster, dismantling more than

            twenty monopolies.

CHAPTER 19

 

_____30. The Roosevelt Corollary claimed for the United States the right to exercise an

            international police power in the Western Hemisphere.

_____31. Woodrow Wilson issued the Fourteen Points in January 1918, which established the

            agenda for the peace conference that followed World War I.

_____32. The Espionage Act of 1917 prohibited not only spying and interfering with the draft

            but also “false statements” that might impede military success.

_____33. During World War I, most Progressives were outraged at the broad suppression of

             freedom of expression and spoke out against the Sedition Act.

_____34. Eugenics, which studied the alleged mental characteristics of different races, gave anti-

            immigrant sentiment an air of professional expertise.

_____35. .In some ways, W. E. B. Du Bois was a typical Progressive who believed that

            investigation, exposure, and education would lead to solutions for social problems.

_____36. Marcus Garvey launched a separatist movement, encouraging blacks to embrace their

            African heritage.

_____37. The Treaty of Versailles that ended World War I was a fair document that all but

            guaranteed future peace in Europe.

CHAPTER 20

 

_____38.  If one commodity drove the economy in the 1920s, it was the radio.

 

_____39. After World War I, American corporations ceased to pursue overseas investments.

 

_____40 Propaganda campaigns launched by big business linked unionism and socialism as

            examples of the sinister influence of foreigners on American life during the 1920s.

_____41. Foreign policy was largely conducted through private economic relationships rather

            than government action during the 1920s.

_____42. The American Civil Liberties Union emerged from the Sacco-Vanzetti trial.

 

_____43. The Scopes trial was a national sensation, being carried live on national radio.

 

_____44. In the early twentieth century, the Ku Klux Klan reemerged in the South, targeting

            only blacks.

_____45. The image of big business, carefully cultivated during the 1920s, collapsed as

            congressional investigations revealed massive irregularities among bankers and

            stockbrokers.

CHAPTER 21

 

_____46. Very few Americans realized that the president who projected an image of vigorous

             leadership during the 1930s and World War II was confined to a wheelchair.

_____47. The tactic used by the United Auto Workers in its attempt to gain bargaining rights

             with General Motors was the sit-down strike.

_____48. The Rural Electrification Administration proved to be one of the New Deal’s most

            successful programs, wiring 90 percent of the nation’s farms by 1950.

_____49. The power of the Solid South helped to mold the New Deal welfare state into an

            entitlement for white Americans.

_____50. Upset that the Great Depression devastated their community, blacks rejected the New

            Deal and continued to support Republican candidates.

_____51. The Communist Party’s commitment to socialism resonated with a widespread belief

            that the Depression had demonstrated the bankruptcy of capitalism.

_____52. Civil liberties replaced liberty of contract as the judicial foundation of freedom by the

             end of the New Deal.

CHAPTER 22

 

_____53. When war broke out in Europe in 1939, the Soviet Union stood virtually alone in

            fighting Germany.

_____54. Women working in defense-industry jobs made great strides in achieving equal rights,

             culminating in the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment, granting women’s suffrage.

_____55. During World War II, the Border Patrol deported about as many Mexicans as had

             crossed over under the bracero program.

_____56. The majority of the Japanese-Americans who were interned during the war were not

            actually citizens of the United States.

_____57. The dropping of the atomic bombs ended the war against Germany.

CHAPTER 23

 

_____58. George Kennan’s Long Telegram laid the foundation for the policy of containment.

 

_____59. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was the first long-term military alliance

            between the United States and Europe since the Treaty of Amity and Commerce with

            France during the American Revolution.

_____60. Generally speaking, economics and geopolitical interests motivated American foreign

             policy, but the language of freedom was used to justify America’s actions.

_____61. Hollywood remained the one voice of protest during the McCarthy Era, making films

            that glorified individualism, socialism, and the questioning of authority.

_____62. Harry Truman’s Fair Deal focused on improving the social safety net and raising the

            standard of living of ordinary Americans.

_____63. The Korean War became the first American conflict fought by an integrated army

            since the War for Independence.

_____64. Joe McCarthy’s downfall came in 1954 when the Army-McCarthy hearings were

            televised nationally.

_____65. Considering that there were very few radicals involved in the civil rights movement,

            groups like the NAACP remained unaffected by McCarthyism.

CHAPTER 24

 

_____66. The percentage of families at or below the poverty rate fell during the 1950s.

 

_____67. The “standard consumer package” of the 1950s included a car, house, and television.

 

_____68. As residue from the Red Scare, anti-Semitism was widespread in America during

            the 1950s.

_____69. While in office, President Dwight D. Eisenhower rolled back the New Deal programs

            put forth by Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman.

_____70. Massive retaliation was a policy that declared that any Soviet attack on an American

            ally would be countered by a nuclear assault on the Soviet Union itself.

_____71. The Little Rock Central High School desegregation case vaulted Martin Luther King

            Jr. into the position of the civil rights movement’s national symbol.

_____72. .Echoing Christian themes derived from his training in the black church, Martin Luther

            King Jr.’s speeches resonated deeply in southern black communities.

CHAPTER 25

 

_____73. The violence in Birmingham was surprising since it was a relatively peaceful city with

            little history of racial conflict.

_____74. John F. Kennedy’s foreign policy for Latin America, called the Alliance for Progress,

            was a success.

_____75. Lyndon Johnson held the New Deal view that government had an obligation to assist

            the less fortunate members of society.

_____76. The Immigration Reform Act did not alter the rate or national origin of immigration

            after 1965.

 

_____77. During the feminist movement, women came to believe that “the personal is political,”

            thus permanently changing Americans’ definition of freedom.

_____78. In Loving v. Virginia, the Supreme Court deemed interracial marriage unconstitutional.

 

_____79. Under the guidance of Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Supreme Court vastly contracted

            the rights enjoyed by all Americans in the 1960s.

CHAPTER 26

 

_____80. Despite efforts by the Supreme Court, the South’s public schools were still more

            segregated by 1990 than the North’s.

_____81. Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger had an unconventional approach to the Cold War

            through the policy of détente, which lessened tensions between the United States and the

            Soviet Union.

_____82. As a Washington insider who had served three terms in the Senate, Jimmy Carter was

            well educated in domestic and foreign policies before becoming president.

_____83. In spite of the efforts of conservatives like Phyllis Schlafly, the Equal Rights

            Amendment was passed by Congress and ratified by enough states.

 

_____84. Reagan’s presidency was successful in large part because of his close, hands-on

            governing style that oversaw every detail.

_____85. The “Just Say No” campaign launched by the Reagan administration to combat drug

             use in the United States was a stunning success.

CHAPTER 27

 

 

_____86. The “velvet revolution” was horribly bloody and cost the lives of hundreds of

            thousands of Europeans.

_____87. Bill Clinton won the support of labor in proposing NAFTA.

 

_____88.During the Clinton years, human rights emerged as justification for interventions in

            matters once considered to be the internal affairs of sovereign nations.

_____89.  In 2000, the largest corporate employer in America was Microsoft.

 

_____90. A convict might answer a call placed to Trans World Airlines (TWA), as convict labor

            was on the rise by the end of the century.

_____91. Democrats blamed the Supreme Court, Ralph Nader, and sheer bad luck for George W.

            Bush’s narrow victory in 2000.

CHAPTER 28

 

_____92. Palestinian militants who were retaliating against American support for Israel

            orchestrated the attacks of September 11.

_____93. Saddam Hussein had a clear link to Al Qaeda and the September 11 attacks, which is

            why President Bush invaded Iraq in 2003.

_____94. As with World War II and the Korean War, taxes were increased and domestic

            sacrifices made during the Iraq War.

 

_____95. The combination of a faltering economy, increased military spending, and the 2001 tax

            cuts produced a rapid rise in budget deficits at both the national and state levels by 2003.

_____96. Vice President Cheney was found guilty of perjury in Bush’s second term for a leak to

            the press about a CIA operative in Africa.

_____97.Illegal immigrants coming to the United States push down wages at the bottom of the

            economic ladder, but spend money and pay taxes.

_____98.  The 2008 financial crisis was unrelated to subprime mortgages.

 

_____99. In 2008, Alan Greenspan admitted to Congress that there had been a “flaw” in his

             long-held beliefs about the free market.

_____100. In the 2008 presidential election, Barack Obama lost in all of the states that

            traditionally voted Republican.